Extremal limits and black hole entropy

Abstract

Taking the extremal limit of a non-extremal Reissner-Nordström black hole (by externally varying the mass or charge), the region between the inner and outer event horizons experiences an interesting fate — while this region is absent in the extremal case, it does not disappear in the extremal limit but rather approaches a patch of AdS_2 × S^2. In other words, the approach to extremality is not continuous, as the non-extremal Reissner-Nordström solution splits into two spacetimes at extremality: an extremal black hole and a disconnected AdS space. We suggest that the unusual nature of this limit may help in understanding the entropy of extremal black holes.

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