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Published December 10, 2009 | Published
Journal Article Open

Multiwavelength Monitoring of the Enigmatic Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 PMN J0948+0022 in 2009 March-July

Abdo, A. A.
Ackermann, M.
Ajello, M. ORCID icon
Axelsson, M.
Baldini, L.
Ballet, J.
Barbiellini, G.
Bastieri, D.
Baughman, B. M.
Bechtol, K.
Bellazzini, R.
Berenji, B.
Bloom, E. D.
Bonamente, E.
Borgland, A. W.
Bregeon, J.
Brez, A.
Brigida, M.
Bruel, P.
Burnett, T. H.
Caliandro, G. A.
Cameron, R. A.
Caraveo, P. A.
Casandjian, J. M.
Cavazzuti, E.
Cecchi, C.
Çelik, Ö.
Celotti, A.
Chekhtman, A.
Chiang, J.
Ciprini, S.
Claus, R.
Cohen-Tanugi, J.
Collmar, W.
Conrad, J
Costamante, L.
Cutini, S.
De Angels, A.
De Palma, F.
Do Couto e Silva, E.
Drell, P. S.
Dumora, D.
Farnier, C.
Favuzzi, C.
Fegan, S. J.
Focke, W. B.
Fortini, P.
Foschini, L.
Frailis, M.
Fuhrmann, L.
Fukazawa, Y.
Funk, S.
Fusco, P.
Gargano, F.
Gehrels, N.
Germani, S.
Giglietto, N.
Giordano, F.
Giroletti, M.
Glanzman, T.
Godfrey, G.
Grenier, I. A.
Grove, J. E.
Guillemot, L.
Guiriec, S.
Hanabata, Y.
Hays, E.
Hughes, R. E.
Jackson, M. S.
Jόhannesson, G.
Johnson, A. S.
Johnson, W. N.
Kadler, M.
Kamae, T.
Katagiri, H
Kataoka, J.
Kawai, N.
Kerr, M.
Knödlseder, J.
Kocian, M. L.
Kuss, M.
Lande, J.
Latronico, L.
Longo, F.
Loparco, F.
Lott, B.
Lovellette, M. N.
Lubrano, P.
Madejski, G. M.
Makeev, A.
Max-Moerbeck, W. ORCID icon
Mazziotta, M. N.
McConville, W.
McEnergy, J. E.
McGlynn, S.
Meurer, C.
Michelson, P. F.
Mitthumsiri, W.
Mizuno, T.
Moiseev, A. A.
Monte, C.
Monzani, M. E.
Morselli, A.
Moskalenko, I. V.
Nestoras, I.
Nolan, P. L.
Norris, J. P.
Nuss, E.
Ohsugi, T.
Omodei, N.
Orlando, E.
Ormes, J. F.
Paneque, D.
Parent, D.
Pavlidou, V.
Pelassa, V.
Pepe, M.
Pesce-Rollins, M.
Piron, F.
Porter, T. A.
Rainò, S.
Rando, R.
Razzano, M.
Readhead, A. ORCID icon
Reimer, O.
Reposeur, T.
Richards, J. L.
Rodriguez, A. Y.
Roth, M.
Ryde, F.
Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.
Sanchez, D.
Sander, A.
Saz-Parkinson, P. M.
Scargle, J. D.
Sgrò, C.
Shaw, M. S.
Smith, P. D.
Spandre, G.
Spinelli, P.
Strickman, M. S.
Suson, D. J.
Tagliaferri, G.
Tajima, H.
Takahashi, H.
Tanaka, T.
Thayer, J. B.
Thayer, J. G.
Thompson, D. J.
Tibaldo, L.
Tibolla, O.
Torres, D. F. ORCID icon
Tosti, G.
Tramacere, A.
Uchiyama, Y.
Usher, T. L.
Vasileiou, V.
Vilchez, N.
Vitale, V.
Waite, A. P.
Wang, P.
Wehrle, A. E.
Winer, B. L.
Wood, K. S. ORCID icon
Ylinen, T.
Zensus, J. A.
Ziegler, M.
Angelakis, E. ORCID icon
Bailyn, C.
Bignall, H.
Blanchard, J.
Bonning, E. W.
Buxton, M.
Canterna, R.
Carramiñana, A.
Carrasco, L.
Colomer, F.
Doi, A.
Ghisellini, G.
Hauser, M.
Hong, X.
Isler, J.
Kino, M.
Kovalev, Y. Y. ORCID icon
Kovalev, Yu A.
Krichbaum, T. P.
Kutyrev, A. ORCID icon
Lähteenmäki, A.
van Langevelde, H. J.
Lister, M. L. ORCID icon
Macomb, D.
Maraschi, L.
Marchili, N.
Nagai, H.
Paragi, Z. ORCID icon
Phillips, C.
Pushkarev, A. B. ORCID icon
Recillas, E.
Roming, P.
Sekido, M.
Stark, M. A.
Szomoru, A.
Tammi, J.
Tavecchio, F.
Tornikoski, M. ORCID icon
Tzioumis, A. K.
Urry, C. M. ORCID icon
Wagner, S.
Fermi LAT Collaboration

Abstract

Following the recent discovery of γ rays from the radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy PMN J0948+0022 (z = 0.5846), we started a multiwavelength campaign from radio to γ rays, which was carried out between the end of 2009 March and the beginning of July. The source displayed activity at all the observed wavelengths: a general decreasing trend from optical to γ-ray frequencies was followed by an increase of radio emission after less than two months from the peak of the γ-ray emission. The largest flux change, about a factor of about 4, occurred in the X-ray band. The smallest was at ultraviolet and near-infrared frequencies, where the rate of the detected photons dropped by a factor 1.6-1.9. At optical wavelengths, where the sampling rate was the highest, it was possible to observe day scale variability, with flux variations up to a factor of about 3. The behavior of PMN J0948+0022 observed in this campaign and the calculated power carried out by its jet in the form of protons, electrons, radiation, and magnetic field are quite similar to that of blazars, specifically of flat-spectrum radio quasars. These results confirm the idea that radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies host relativistic jets with power similar to that of average blazars.

Additional Information

© 2009 American Astronomical Society. Print publication: Issue 1 (2009 December 10). Received 2009 September 11, accepted for publication 2009 October 26. Published 2009 November 25. The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A.Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d' Études Spatiales in France. This work is sponsored at PSU by NASA contract NAS5- 00136. The SMARTS observations were supported by Cycle 1 Fermi GI grant number 011283. The Metsähovi team acknowledges the support from the Academy of Finland. e-VLBI developments in Europe are supported by the EC DG-INFSO funded Communication Network Developments project "EXPReS," Contract No. 02662. The European VLBI Network is a joint facility of European, Chinese, South African, and other radio astronomy institutes funded by their national research councils. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. RATAN-600 observations are supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects 01-02-16812 and 08-02-00545). This research has made use of data from the MOJAVE database that is maintained by the MOJAVE team (Lister et al. 2009). The MOJAVE project is supported under National Science Foundation grant 0807860-AST and NASA-Fermi grant NNX08AV67G. Also based on observations with the 100 m telescope of the Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIfR) at Effelsberg. M.H. and S.W. acknowledge financial support through SFB 439 and BMBF/PT-DESY. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and of data obtained from the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. Facilities: ATOM (LSW), Effelsberg (F-GAMMA), e-VLBI (EVN, LBA), Fermi, G. Haro (INAOE), Metsähovi, OVRO, RATAN-600, Swift, SMARTS (Yale), VLBA (MOJAVE), WIRO.

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