Exploring protein fitness landscapes by directed evolution
- Creators
- Romero, Philip A.
- Arnold, Frances H.
Abstract
Directed evolution circumvents our profound ignorance of how a protein's sequence encodes its function by using iterative rounds of random mutation and artificial selection to discover new and useful proteins. Proteins can be tuned to adapt to new functions or environments by simple adaptive walks involving small numbers of mutations. Directed evolution studies have shown how rapidly some proteins can evolve under strong selection pressures and, because the entire 'fossil record' of evolutionary intermediates is available for detailed study, they have provided new insight into the relationship between sequence and function. Directed evolution has also shown how mutations that are functionally neutral can set the stage for further adaptation.
Additional Information
© 2009 Macmillan Publishers Limited. The authors acknowledge support from the U.S. Army Research Office, Department of Energy, National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health.Attached Files
Accepted Version - nihms251972.pdf
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Additional details
- PMCID
- PMC2997618
- Eprint ID
- 16942
- DOI
- 10.1038/nrm2805
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20091210-104030533
- Army Research Office (ARO)
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- NSF
- NIH
- Created
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2009-12-10Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2021-11-08Created from EPrint's last_modified field