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Published September 1, 1968 | Published
Journal Article Open

Formation of Positive and Negative Ions on Rhenium, Oxygenated Tungsten, Hafnium, Lanthanum Hexaboride, and Thoriated Tungsten Surfaces

Abstract

Yields are reported for the formation of positive and negative ions from molecular beams striking various surfaces. Negative ions are formed from beams of several halogen compounds and tetracynoethylene on Re, Hf, thoriated W, and LaB6 with efficiencies ranging up to a maximum of 2.6 × 10^−2 for KCl on thoriated W (activated). This filament may be useful in detectors for some molecular-beam studies. The efficiencies for the formation of positive ions from K and potassium halides are generally in agreement with the Saha–Langmuir model. They are near unity on oxygenated W, Re, and thoriated W (deactivated by heating to deplete the thorium) but much lower (2.5–6.6×10^−3) on thoriated tungsten (activated).

Additional Information

© 1968 American Institute of Physics. Received 11 March 1968. We thank M.W. Lee for doing some of the preliminary experiments and D. Truhlar for his careful reading of the manuscript. Work supported in part by the U.S. AEC, Repository Code CALT-532-21. [E.F.G. was an] NSF Senior Postdoctoral Fellow, 1966-1967. Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, Contribution No. 3619.

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