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Published July 12, 1999 | public
Journal Article Open

Conditions for a Class of Entanglement Transformations

Nielsen, M. A.

Abstract

Suppose Alice and Bob jointly possess a pure state, |ψ〉. Using local operations on their respective systems and classical communication it may be possible for Alice and Bob to transform |ψ〉 into another joint state |φ〉. This Letter gives necessary and sufficient conditions for this process of entanglement transformation to be possible. These conditions reveal a partial ordering on the entangled states and connect quantum entanglement to the algebraic theory of majorization. As a consequence, we find that there exist essentially different types of entanglement for bipartite quantum systems.

Additional Information

©1999 The American Physical Society Received 2 December 1998 I thank Howard Barnum, who introduced me to the beautiful subject of majorization, Dorit Aharonov and Bill Wootters, whose words and papers convinced me that entanglement for its own sake is a deeply interesting subject, and Ike Chuang, Chris Fuchs, Julia Kempe, and John Preskill for helpful discussions. This work was supported by DARPA through the Quantum Information and Computing Institute (QUIC) administered through the ARO.

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August 22, 2023
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