A 77-GHz Phased-Array Transceiver With On-Chip Antennas in Silicon: Transmitter and Local LO-Path Phase Shifting
Abstract
Integration of mm-wave multiple-antenna systems on silicon-based processes enables complex, low-cost systems for high-frequency communication and sensing applications. In this paper, the transmitter and LO-path phase-shifting sections of the first fully integrated 77-GHz phased-array transceiver are presented. The SiGe transceiver utilizes a local LO-path phase-shifting architecture to achieve beam steering and includes four transmit and receive elements, along with the LO frequency generation and distribution circuitry. The local LO-path phase-shifting scheme enables a robust distribution network that scales well with increasing frequency and/or number of elements while providing high-resolution phase shifts. Each element of the heterodyne transmitter generates +12.5 dBm of output power at 77 GHz with a bandwidth of 2.5 GHz leading to a 4-element effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 24.5 dBm. Each on-chip PA has a maximum saturated power of +17.5 dBm at 77 GHz. The phased-array performance is measured using an internal test option and achieves 12-dB peak-to-null ratio with two transmit and receive elements active.
Additional Information
© Copyright 2006 IEEE. Reprinted with permission. Manuscript received May 1, 2006; revised September 1, 2006. [Posted online: 2006-11-20] The authors thank the DARPA trusted foundry program and IBM for chip fabrication, and are grateful to Prof. D. Rutledge, Dr. S. Weinreb, Dr. B. Analui, Prof. Hashemi, and, T. Yu for their valuable assistance and support. The technical support for CAD tools from Agilent Technologies and Zeland Software Inc. is also appreciated.Files
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Additional details
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- 6803
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- CaltechAUTHORS:NATieeejssc06
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2006-12-23Created from EPrint's datestamp field
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2021-11-08Created from EPrint's last_modified field