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Published March 1987 | Published
Journal Article Open

The analysis of visual motion: From computational theory to neuronal mechanisms

Abstract

The measurement and use of visual motion is one of the most fundamental abilities of biological vision systems, serving many essential functions. For example, a sudden movement in the scene might indicate an approaching predator or a desirable prey. The rapid expansion of features in the visual field can signal an object about to collide with the observer. Discontinuities in motion often occur at the locations of object boundaries and can be used to carve up the scene into distinct objects. Motion signals provide input to centers controlling eye movements, allowing objects of interest to be tracked through the scene. Relative movement can be used to infer the three-dimensional (3-D) structure and motion of object surfaces, and the movement of the observer relative to the scene, allowing biological systems to navigate quickly and efficiently through the environment. More generally, the analysis of visual motion helps us to maintain continuity of our perception of the constantly changing environment around us.

Additional Information

"Reprinted, with permission, from the Annual Review of Neuroscience, Volume 10 copyright 1987 by Annual Reviews, www.annualreviews.org" We thank Tomaso Poggio and Shimon Ullman for useful comments on a draft of this manuscript. This article describes research done within the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and the Center for Biological Information Processing (Whitaker College) at the Massachusetts Institute Technology. Support for the A.I. Laboratory's artificial intelligence research is provided in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense under Office of Naval Research contract N00014-80-C-0505. Support for this research is also provided by a grant from the Office of Naval Research, Engineering Psychology Division.

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Created:
September 14, 2023
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October 23, 2023