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Published June 22, 2004 | Published
Journal Article Open

Pattern formation by vascular mesenchymal cells

Abstract

In embryogenesis, immature mesenchymal cells aggregate and organize into patterned tissues. Later in life, a pathological recapitulation of this process takes place in atherosclerotic lesions, when vascular mesenchymal cells organize into trabecular bone tissue within the artery wall. Here we show that multipotential adult vascular mesenchymal cells self-organize in vitro into patterns that are predicted by a mathematical model based on molecular morphogens interacting in a reaction-diffusion process. We identify activator and inhibitor morphogens for stripe, spot, and labyrinthine patterns and confirm the model predictions in vitro. Thus, reaction-diffusion principles may play a significant role in morphogenetic processes in adult mesenchymal cells.

Additional Information

© 2004 by the National Academy of Sciences. Edited by Harry L. Swinney, University of Texas, Austin, TX, and approved April 28, 2004 (received for review December 17, 2003). This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants HL/AR 69261 and P50 HL52319. This paper was submitted directly (Track II) to the PNAS office.

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August 22, 2023
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