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Published August 1, 1996 | public
Journal Article Open

Efficient networks for quantum factoring

Abstract

We consider how to optimize memory use and computation time in operating a quantum computer. In particular, we estimate the number of memory quantum bits (qubits) and the number of operations required to perform factorization, using the algorithm suggested by Shor [in Proceedings of the 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, edited by S. Goldwasser (IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, CA, 1994), p. 124]. A K-bit number can be factored in time of order K3 using a machine capable of storing 5K+1 qubits. Evaluation of the modular exponential function (the bottleneck of Shor's algorithm) could be achieved with about 72K3 elementary quantum gates; implementation using a linear ion trap would require about 396K3 laser pulses. A proof-of-principle demonstration of quantum factoring (factorization of 15) could be performed with only 6 trapped ions and 38 laser pulses. Though the ion trap may never be a useful computer, it will be a powerful device for exploring experimentally the properties of entangled quantum states.

Additional Information

©1996 The American Physical Society Received 22 February 1996 We thank Al Despain, Jeff Kimble, and Hideo Mabuchi for helpful discussions and encouragement. This research was supported in part by DOE Grant No. DE-FG03-92-ER40701 and in part by the California Institute of Technology.

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