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Published November 15, 1999 | Published
Journal Article Open

Skeletal Myogenic Progenitors Originating from Embryonic Dorsal Aorta Coexpress Endothelial and Myogenic Markers and Contribute to Postnatal Muscle Growth and Regeneration

Abstract

Skeletal muscle in vertebrates is derived from somites, epithelial structures of the paraxial mesoderm, yet many unrelated reports describe the occasional appearance of myogenic cells from tissues of nonsomite origin, suggesting either transdifferentiation or the persistence of a multipotent progenitor. Here, we show that clonable skeletal myogenic cells are present in the embryonic dorsal aorta of mouse embryos. This finding is based on a detailed clonal analysis of different tissue anlagen at various developmental stages. In vitro, these myogenic cells show the same morphology as satellite cells derived from adult skeletal muscle, and express a number of myogenic and endothelial markers. Surprisingly, the latter are also expressed by adult satellite cells. Furthermore, it is possible to clone myogenic cells from limbs of mutant c-Met-/- embryos, which lack appendicular muscles, but have a normal vascular system. Upon transplantation, aorta-derived myogenic cells participate in postnatal muscle growth and regeneration, and fuse with resident satellite cells. The potential of the vascular system to generate skeletal muscle cells may explain observations of nonsomite skeletal myogenesis and raises the possibility that a subset of satellite cells may derive from the vascular system.

Additional Information

© 1999 The Rockefeller University Press Submitted: 6 July 1999. Revised: 29 September 1999. Accepted: 4 October 1999 We thank M. Buckingham, E. Dejana, F. Mavilio, P. Rigby, and S. Tajbakhsh for helpful discussion and critical reading of the manuscript. We also thank R. Bussel-Duby, E. Dejana, D. Fischman, R. Kelly, J. Harris, A. Stoppacciaro, A. Starzyski-Powitz, S. Tajbakhsh, and W. Wright for the gift of antibodies, plasmids, and mice. We are grateful to Bob Milne for his final revision of the manuscript and to F. Maina for providing Figure 7A and Figure B. This work was supported by grants from Telethon, European Community, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, and Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Technologica.

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