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Published September 9, 2019 | Published
Book Section - Chapter Open

ExoPlanet Optics: conceptual design processes for stealth telescopes

Abstract

In this paper we examine several contrast-degrading static signature sources present in current terrestrial exoplanet Lyot Coronagraph/Telescope optical systems. These are: - Unnecessary optical surfaces, which increase cost, absorption, scatter, wavefront control and alignment issues. A suggested solution is to make every effort to investigate innovative solutions to reduce the number of optical surfaces during the early design phase. Consider free-form optics. - Diffraction from secondary support systems and classical hexagon segmented apertures, which masks the low IWA terrestrial exoplanets. A suggested mitigation is to investigate curved secondary support systems and a pinwheel architecture for the deployable primary aperture. - Polarization Fresnel and form birefringence aberrations, which distort the system PSF, introduce absorption, scatter and wavefront control issues. Mitigation is to reduce all ray-angles of incidence to a minimum, investigate zero-loss polarization compensation wavefront technology, and investigate metal thin film deposition processes required to minimize form birefringence in large-area high-reflectivity coatings. - Small-angle specular or resolved angle scattered light, which places a narrow halo of incoherent light around the base of the PSF. There is no requirement on mirror smooth-surface scatter. Investigate the physical source of the small angle scatter and develop mirror polishing and thin film deposition processes to minimize scatter.

Additional Information

© 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). This work was funded in part by NASA research grant NNX17AB29G to James Breckinridge, PI, at the James C. Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ. Additional support provided by: Caltech, and Photon Engineering, Tucson, AZ.

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