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Published October 1, 2019 | Submitted
Journal Article Open

Density changes in low pressure gas targets for electron scattering experiments

Abstract

A system of modular sealed gas target cells has been developed for use in electron scattering experiments at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab). This system was initially developed to complete the MARATHON experiment which required, among other species, tritium as a target material. Thus far, the cells have been loaded with the gas species 3H, 3He, 2H, 1H and 40Ar and operated in nominal beam currents of up to 22.5 A in Jefferson Lab's Hall A. While the gas density of the cells at the time of loading is known, the density of each gas varies uniquely when heated by the electron beam. To extract experimental cross sections using these cells, density dependence on beam current of each target fluid must be determined. In this study, data from measurements with several beam currents within the range of 2.5 to 22.5 A on each target fluid are presented. Additionally, expressions for the beam current dependent fluid density of each target are developed.

Additional Information

© 2019 Published by Elsevier. Received 7 March 2019, Revised 12 June 2019, Accepted 12 June 2019, Available online 14 June 2019. We wish to thank the staff of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for their help safely installing and removing the tritium cells. We also acknowledge the critical efforts of Savannah River Site and Savannah River Tritium Enterprises. And special thank to Marcy Stutzman for proofreading this manuscript. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) contract DE-AC05-06OR23177 under which Jefferson Science Associates operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, DOE contract DE-AC02-06CH11357, DOE contract de-sc0013615, and by National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No. NSF PHY 1506459.

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August 22, 2023
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October 20, 2023