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Published June 12, 2019 | Supplemental Material
Journal Article Open

Electronic Modulation of Near-Field Radiative Transfer in Graphene Field Effect Heterostructures

Abstract

Manipulating heat flow in a controllable and reversible manner is a topic of fundamental and practical interest. Numerous approaches to perform thermal switching have been reported, but they typically suffer from various limitations, for instance requiring mechanical modulation of a submicron gap spacing or only operating in a narrow temperature window. Here, we report the experimental modulation of radiative heat flow by electronic gating of a graphene field effect heterostructure without any moving elements. We measure a maximum heat flux modulation of 4 ± 3% and an absolute modulation depth of 24 ± 7 mW m^(–2) V^(–1) in samples with vacuum gap distances ranging from 1 to 3 μm. The active area in the samples through which heat is transferred is ∼1 cm^2, indicating the scalable nature of these structures. A clear experimental path exists to realize switching ratios as large as 100%, laying the foundation for electronic control of near-field thermal radiation using 2D materials.

Additional Information

© 2019 American Chemical Society. Received: March 15, 2019; Revised: May 10, 2019; Published: May 29, 2019. This work is part of the Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. DE-SC0001293. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. 1144469. M.C.S. gratefully acknowledges fellowship support from the Resnick Sustainability Institute. The authors recognize the Kavli NanoScience Institute at Caltech and to thank Dr. Ognjen Ilic for insightful conversation. Author Contributions: N.H.T. and A.J.M. conceived and designed the experiment. N.H.T. fabricated samples and conducted numerical simulations. M.C.S. assisted in design and sample fabrication. J.B. assisted in sample fabrication. N.H.T., H.A.A., and A.J.M. wrote the manuscript. All authors commented and approved the manuscript. The authors declare no competing financial interest.

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