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Published November 1990 | Published
Book Section - Chapter Open

Image smoothing at video rates with analog VLSI

Abstract

Image smoothing is an important computational primitive in both artificial and biological vision systems. A resistive grid forms a suitable substrate for this operation in both types of systems. Previous artificial systems using this substrate form the image for smoothing either with on-chip photoreceptors in real time or with digitally driven input to an analog sample-and-hold system at rates far below the video frame rate. We have designed, fabricated, and successfully tested a subthreshold CMOS analog VLSI chip which, with a minimum of supporting circuitry, can smooth an image formed from a conventional video signal, at the video frame rate.

Additional Information

© 1990 IEEE. We are grateful for input from many of our colleagues at Caltech, in particular: M. Mahowald, C. Mead and M. Sivilotti, the inventors of the original silicon retina; J. Harris, J. Luo, and C. Koch, who shared their expertise with resistive grids: D. Lyon (of Apple Computer), M. Mahowald, and S. Ryckebush, for discussions on sample-and-hold design; Hewlett Packard for computing support; and DARPA for support for MOSIS fabrication services. A.M. was supported by fellowships from the Parsons Foundation and the Pew Charitable Trust and by research assistantships from Office of Naval Research, the Joint Tactical Fusion Program and the Center for Research in Parallel Computation. Most of this work was done in Carver Mead's lab - we are grateful for his generous support.

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