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Published June 1, 2017 | Supplemental Material
Journal Article Open

Improved Ductility of B_(12) Icosahedra-Based Superhard Materials Through Icosahedral Slip

Abstract

Boron carbide (B_4C) is superhard but suffers from brittle failure because shear stress leads to formation of amorphous shear bands in which the icosahedral clusters fracture, leading to amorphous regions with higher density than the crystal that results in tension induced cavitation and brittle failure. Based on our previous studies of related systems, we speculated that replacing the C-B-C chains with Si_2 and replacing cage C with Si might reduce or eliminate this amorphous shear band formation responsible for brittle failure, In this paper we consider (B_(10)Si_2)Si_2, using density functional theory (DFT) to examine its shear deformation. We find that the stress accumulated as shear increases is released by slip of the planes of icosahedra through breaking and then reforming the Si-Si chain bonds without fracturing (B_(10)Si_2) icosahedra. This is because the (B_(10)Si_2) icosahedra are more stable than the chain under highly stressed conditions. This chain disruption deformation mode prevents amorphous shear band formation, providing a strategy to dramatically improve the ductility of B_4C based materials. Our results suggest that making the icosahedra more stable than the chains structure can lead to slipping of the icosahedral planes while avoiding the icosahedral fracturing that leads to brittle failure.

Additional Information

© 2017 American Chemical Society. Received: February 22, 2017; Revised: May 6, 2017; Published: May 9, 2017. This work was initiated with support by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (W31P4Q-13-1-0010 and W31P4Q1210008, program manager, John Paschkewitz) It was completed with support by the National Science Foundation (DMR-1436985, program manager, John Schlueter). Q.A. was also supported by the Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-12-2-0022 and by the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC-HQ-84-15-G-0028). The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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