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Published August 8, 2016 | Published + Supplemental Material
Journal Article Open

Electronically tunable extraordinary optical transmission in graphene plasmonic ribbons coupled to subwavelength metallic slit arrays

Abstract

Subwavelength metallic slit arrays have been shown to exhibit extraordinary optical transmission, whereby tunnelling surface plasmonic waves constructively interfere to create large forward light propagation. The intricate balancing needed for this interference to occur allows for resonant transmission to be highly sensitive to changes in the environment. Here we demonstrate that extraordinary optical transmission resonance can be coupled to electrostatically tunable graphene plasmonic ribbons to create electrostatic modulation of mid-infrared light. Absorption in graphene plasmonic ribbons situated inside metallic slits can efficiently block the coupling channel for resonant transmission, leading to a suppression of transmission. Full-wave simulations predict a transmission modulation of 95.7% via this mechanism. Experimental measurements reveal a modulation efficiency of 28.6% in transmission at 1,397 cm^(−1), corresponding to a 2.67-fold improvement over transmission without a metallic slit array. This work paves the way for enhancing light modulation in graphene plasmonics by employing noble metal plasmonic structures.

Additional Information

© 2016 The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Received 02 February 2016; Accepted 22 June 2016; Published 08 August 2016. This work was supported by US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science grant DE-FG02-07ER46405 (S.K. and H.A.A.), and by the Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative Grant, Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI, grant no. FA9550-12-1-0488 (V.W.B. and M.S.J.). S.K. acknowledges support by a Samsung Scholarship. The authors thank G. Rossman for assistance with the FTIR microscope. Data availability: The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its Supplementary Information files. Author contributions: S.K. and H.A.A. conceived the ideas. S.K., M.S.J. and K.W.M. performed the simulations. S.K. and Y.T. fabricated the sample. S.K. and V.W.B. performed measurements and data analysis. All authors co-wrote the paper, and H.A.A. supervised the project. Seyoon Kim, Min Seok Jang & Victor W. Brar: These authors contributed equally to this work The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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