Generation of Neuronal Diversity: Analogies and Homologies with Hematopoiesis
- Creators
- Nawa, H.
- Yamamori, T.
- Le, T.
- Patterson, P. H.
Abstract
The immense variety of neuronal phenotypes in the vertebrate nervous system is apparent in considering just the process of chemical transmission. There are approximately 12 known classical neurotransmitters and more than 30 neuropeptides thus far identified, and individual neurons simultaneously synthesize, store, and secrete one or more classical transmitters in addition to three or more neuropeptides. The transmitters and peptides are expressed in an exceedingly large number of different combinations in different parts of the nervous system. Although there are useful generalizations as to the frequency of certain transmitter-peptide combinations, there are innumerable exceptions to these rules. How the particular combinations produced in each neuron are specified during development is a challenging question. The magnitude of this problem becomes clear if one calculates the number of possible combinations if a neuron is to produce 2 transmitters out of a possible 12 and 3 peptides out of a possible 30. There are 267,960 different potential phenotypes in this example.
Additional Information
© 1990 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. The Authors acknowledge that six months after the full-issue publication date, the Article will be distributed under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). We are grateful to Dr. Donald Metcalf and colleagues of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research in Melbourne for recombinant LIF. We thank D. McDowell for help with the preparation of tissue culture materials and J. Carnahan for preparation of NGF. This work was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award) and a McKnight Foundation Neuroscience Research Project Award (P.H.P.): by the Muscular Dystrophy Association, the Del Webb Foundation and the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture (H.N.); by a Caltech Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (T.L.); and by the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (T.Y.).Attached Files
Published - sqb-247-253.pdf
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 65981
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20160407-073654687
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
- McKnight Foundation
- Muscular Dystrophy Association
- Del Webb Foundation
- Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture (Japan)
- Caltech Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF)
- Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association
- Created
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2016-04-07Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2021-11-10Created from EPrint's last_modified field