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Published February 24, 2016 | Submitted
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Conditioning Gaussian measure on Hilbert space

Abstract

For a Gaussian measure on a separable Hilbert space with covariance operator C, we show that the family of conditional measures associated with conditioning on a closed subspace S^⊥ are Gaussian with covariance operator the short S(C) of the operator C to S. We provide two proofs. The first uses the theory of Gaussian Hilbert spaces and a characterization of the shorted operator by Andersen and Trapp. The second uses recent developments by Corach, Maestripieri and Stojanoff on the relationship between the shorted operator and C-symmetric oblique projections onto S^⊥. To obtain the assertion when such projections do not exist, we develop an approximation result for the shorted operator by showing, for any positive operator A, how to construct a sequence of approximating operators A^n which possess A^n- symmetric oblique projections onto S^⊥ such that the sequence of shorted operators S(A^n) converges to S(A) in the weak operator topology. This result combined with the martingale convergence of random variables associated with the corresponding approximations C^n establishes the main assertion in general. Moreover, it in turn strengthens the approximation theorem for shorted operator when the operator is trace class; then the sequence of shorted operators S(A^n) converges to S(A) in trace norm.

Additional Information

(Submitted on 13 Jun 2015 (v1), last revised 1 Sep 2015 (this version, v2)). September 2, 2015. The authors gratefully acknowledge this work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Award Number FA9550-12-1-0389 (Scientific Computation of Optimal Statistical Estimators).

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August 20, 2023
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October 17, 2023