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Published August 20, 2015 | Supplemental Material + Published
Journal Article Open

Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study of Refractive Indices of Water–Acetonitrile–Salt Systems

Abstract

We propose a simple theoretical formula for describing the refractive indices in binary liquid mixtures containing salt ions. Our theory is based on the Clausius–Mossotti equation; it gives the refractive index of the mixture in terms of the refractive indices of the pure liquids and the polarizability of the ionic species, by properly accounting for the volume change upon mixing. The theoretical predictions are tested by extensive experimental measurements of the refractive indices for water–acetonitrile-salt systems for several liquid compositions, different salt species, and a range of salt concentrations. Excellent agreement is obtained in all cases, especially at low salt concentrations, with no fitting parameters. A simplified expression of the refractive index for low salt concentration is also given, which can be the theoretical basis for determination of salt concentration using refractive index measurements.

Additional Information

© 2015 American Chemical Society. This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes. Received: June 8, 2015; Revised: July 14, 2015; Published: July 23, 2015. This work is supported, in part, by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21120102037 and 21304097). B.Z. acknowledges the A-STAR fellowship for financial support. We thank the anonymous reviewers, whose comments have helped improve the presentation of our work.

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Published - acs.jpcb.5b05433.pdf

Supplemental Material - jp5b05433_si_001.pdf

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August 20, 2023
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