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Published June 25, 2015 | Submitted
Journal Article Open

The numerical relativity breakthrough for binary black holes

Abstract

The evolution of black-hole (BH) binaries in vacuum spacetimes constitutes the two-body problem in general relativity. The solution of this problem in the framework of the Einstein field equations is a substantially more complex exercise than that of the dynamics of two point masses in Newtonian gravity, but it also presents us with a wealth of new exciting physics. Numerical methods are likely to be the only way to compute the dynamics of BH systems in the fully nonlinear regime and have been pursued since the 1960s, culminating in dramatic breakthroughs in 2005. Here we review the methodology and the developments that finally gave us a solution of this fundamental problem of Einstein's theory and discuss the breakthroughs' implications for the wide range of contemporary BH physics.

Additional Information

© 2015 IOP Publishing Ltd. Received 29 September 2014; accepted for publication 22 October 2014; published 1 June 2015. The author thanks Emanuele Berti, Bernd Brügmann, Vitor Cardoso, Pau Figueras, Jose González, Leonardo Gualtieri, Mark Hannam, Carlos Herdeiro, David Hilditch, Sascha Husa, Bernard Kelly, Pablo Laguna, Luis Lehner, Christian Ott, Frans Pretorius, Harvey Reall, Christian Reisswig, Erik Schnetter, Deirdre Shoemaker, Ken Smith, Carlos Sopuerta, Helvi Witek, and Miguel Zilhão for many fruitful discussions. This work was supported by the FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG CBHEO grant no. 293412, the FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IRSES NRHEP grant no. 295189, the STFC grant nos. ST/I002006/1 and ST/L000636/1, the Trestles system of the San Diego Supercomputing Centre (SDSC), Stampede of the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) and Kraken of the National Centre for Supercomputing Applications through XSEDE grant no. PHY-090003 by the National Science Foundation, the COSMOS Shared Memory system at DAMTP, University of Cambridge, operated on behalf of the DiRAC HPC Facility and funded by BIS National E-infrastructure capital grant no. ST/J005673/1 and STFC grant nos. ST/H008586/1 and ST/K00333X/1, the Centro de Supercomputación de Galicia (CESGA) under grant no. ICTS-2013-249, and the European Union's FP7 ERC Starting Grant DyBHo-256667.

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