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Published April 2015 | Published
Journal Article Open

Review: Tilt-Free Low-Noise Seismometry

Abstract

Inertial instruments used to measure horizontal motion are sensitive to tilt. Tilt coupling induced by gravity exerting a force along the sensing axis of the instrument as a function of its inclination must be accounted for in numerous seismological studies and seismic isolation applications. There are, in theory, many ways to separate tilt and horizontal motion components by combining the measurements of several sensors, and produce tilt‐free estimations of the horizontal motion. This article reviews these configurations and analyses limitations related to sensor noise and geometrical couplings. It concludes with a discussion on the use of suspension mechanisms as an alternative to signal subtraction methods.

Additional Information

© 2015 Seismological Society of America. Manuscript received 7 July 2014. This work was carried out within the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) laboratory. LIGO was constructed by the California Institute of Technology and Massachusetts Institute of Technology with funding from the National Science Foundation and operates under Cooperative Agreement PHY-0757058. Advanced LIGO was built under Award PHY-0823459. The authors are very grateful to Richard Mittleman, Professor Randall Peters, and an anonymous reviewer for their thorough review of this article. Their comments and suggestions have been very useful. This document has been assigned LIGO Laboratory Document Number LIGO-P1200007.

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August 20, 2023
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