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Published March 2005 | Published
Journal Article Open

Ionospheric detection of gravity waves induced by tsunamis

Abstract

Tsunami waves propagating across long distances in the open-ocean can induce atmospheric gravity waves by dynamic coupling at the surface. In the period range 10 to 20 minutes, both have very similar horizontal velocities, while the gravity wave propagates obliquely upward with a vertical velocity of the order of 50 m s^(−1), and reaches the ionosphere after a few hours. We use ionospheric sounding technique from Global Positioning System to image a perturbation possibly associated with a tsunami-gravity wave. The tsunami was produced after the M_w= 8.2 earthquake in Peru on 2001 June 23, and it reached the coast of Japan some 22 hours later. We used data from the GEONET network in Japan to image small-scale perturbations of the Total Electron Content above Japan and up to 400 km off shore. We observed a short-scale ionospheric perturbation that presents the expected characteristics of a coupled tsunami-gravity wave. This first detection of the gravity wave induced by a tsunami opens new opportunities for the application of ionospheric imaging to offshore detection of tsunamis.

Additional Information

© 2005 RAS. Accepted 2004 December 8. Received 2004 December 3; in original form 2004 July 23. Caltech contribution number 9104, IPGP 2021. Funding for this study was provided by NASA Solid Earth and Natural Hazard Research Program. P. Lognonné and V. Ducic were funded by ESA space weather pilot projects. Dr Shunichi Koshimura (DRI, Japan) provided the tsunami estimated arrival times. We wish to thank Dr Attila Komjathy (JPL, USA) for help regarding GPS data processing, as well as Professor Toshiro Tanimoto for constructive review.

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August 22, 2023
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October 18, 2023