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Published January 2004 | Supplemental Material + Published
Journal Article Open

The effect on photochemical smog of converting the U.S. fleet of gasoline vehicles to modern diesel vehicles

Abstract

With the increased use of particle traps and nitrogen oxide (NO_x) control devices to reduce air pollution, "modern" diesel vehicles are being encouraged over gasoline vehicles globally as a central method of slowing global warming. Data to date, though, suggest that the NO_2:NO ratio from modern diesel may exceed that of gasoline, and it is difficult to reduce diesel NO_x below gasoline NO_x without increasing particle emissions. Here, it is calculated that, unless the diesel NO_2:NO ratio and total NO_x are reduced to those of gasoline, modern diesel, which should have lower hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions than gasoline, may still enhance photochemical smog at the surface and aloft, on average, over the U.S. relative to gasoline. The reason is that vehicle-produced smog in the U.S. depends more on NO_x and the NO_2:NO ratio than on HCs or CO. It is also found that vehicle NO_x controls may be more effective than NO_2:NO ratio controls at reducing ozone.

Additional Information

Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union. Received 18 August 2003; revised 25 October 2003; accepted 17 November 2003; published 30 January 2004. The Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and the National Science Foundation Atmospheric Chemistry Division supported this work.

Attached Files

Published - grl17531.pdf

Supplemental Material - .listing

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Figure1.ps

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Figure2.ps

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Figure3.ps

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Figure4.ps

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Figure5.ps

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Figure6.ps

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Figure7.ps

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Figure8.ps

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Figure9.ps

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-README.txt

Supplemental Material - 2003GL018448-Table1.txt

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Additional details

Created:
August 19, 2023
Modified:
October 18, 2023