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Published July 30, 2001 | Published
Journal Article Open

Quantum noise in second generation, signal-recycled laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors

Abstract

It has long been thought that the sensitivity of laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors is limited by the free-mass standard quantum limit, unless radical redesigns of the interferometers or modifications of their input or output optics are introduced. Within a fully quantum-mechanical approach we show that in a second-generation interferometer composed of arm cavities and a signal recycling cavity, e.g., the LIGO-II configuration, (i) quantum shot noise and quantum radiation-pressure-fluctuation noise are dynamically correlated, (ii) the noise curve exhibits two resonant dips, (iii) the standard quantum limit can be beaten by a factor of 2, over a frequency range Δf/f∼1, but at the price of increasing noise at lower frequencies.

Additional Information

©2001 The American Physical Society. Received 6 February 2001. Published 30 July 2001. We wish to thank Yu. Levin, J. Mason, N. Mavalvala and K. Strain for very helpful and stimulating discussions and comments. It is also a pleasure to thank V. Braginsky for pointing out the importance of optical-mechanical oscillations in GW detectors and F. Ya. Khalili for very useful interactions on the optical-mechanical rigidity present in LIGO-II. We thank A. Ru¨diger for his warm encouragements and his very careful reading of the manuscript. Finally, we are deeply indebted to K. S. Thorne for his constant support and for pointing out numerous useful comments and suggestions. This research was supported by NSF grant PHY- 9900776 and for A.B. also by Caltech's Richard Chase Tolman Foundation.

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August 19, 2023
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