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Published November 15, 1994 | Published
Journal Article Open

The distribution of hydrogen, nitrogen, and chlorine radicals in the lower stratosphere: Implications for changes in O_3 due to emission of NO_y from supersonic aircraft

Abstract

In situ measurements of hydrogen, nitrogen, and chlorine radicals obtained in the lower stratosphere during SPADE are compared to results from a photochemical model that assimilates measurements of radical precursors and environmental conditions. Models allowing for heterogeneous hydrolysis of N_2O_5 agree well with measured concentrations of NO and ClO, but concentrations of HO_2 and OH are underestimated by 10 to 25%, concentrations of NO_2 are overestimated by 10 to 30%, and concentrations of HCl are overestimated by a factor of 2. Discrepancies for [OH] and [HO_2] are reduced if we allow for higher yields of O(^1D) from O_3 photolysis and for heterogeneous production of HNO_2. The data suggest more efficient catalytic removal of O_3 by hydrogen and halogen radicals relative to nitrogen oxide radicals than predicted by models using recommended rates and cross sections. Increases in [O_3] in the lower stratosphere may be larger in response to inputs of NO_y from supersonic aircraft than estimated by current assessment models.

Additional Information

© 1994 American Geophysical Union. Received: May 19, 1994; revised: August 29, 1994; accepted: September 7, 1994. Paper number 94GL02781. This work was supported by NASA grants NAG2-731, NAGW-1230, NAS1-19955 and NSF grant ATM-89-21119 to Harvard University. We thank J. Herman and the GSFC processing team for providing data from TOMS and P. Newman and R. Nagatani for providing data from NMC.

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