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Published September 2013 | Published
Journal Article Open

Spiral resonators for on-chip laser frequency stabilization

Abstract

Frequency references are indispensable to radio, microwave and time keeping systems, with far reaching applications in navigation, communication, remote sensing and basic science. Over the past decade, there has been an optical revolution in time keeping and microwave generation that promises to ultimately impact all of these areas. Indeed, the most precise clocks and lowest noise microwave signals are now based on a laser with short-term stability derived from a reference cavity. In spite of the tremendous progress, these systems remain essentially laboratory devices and there is interest in their miniaturization, even towards on-chip systems. Here we describe a chip-based optical reference cavity that uses spatial averaging of thermorefractive noise to enhance resonator stability. Stabilized fibre lasers exhibit relative Allan deviation of 3.9x10^-13 at 400 microµs averaging time and an effective linewidth <100 Hz by achieving over 26 dB of phase-noise reduction.

Additional Information

© 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited. Received 9 Jun 2013 | Accepted 20 Aug 2013 | Published 17 Sep 2013. We thank Andrew Ludlow and Scott Papp (NIST, Boulder CO) for helpful discussions and comments on this manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency under SB121-001, the iPhoD program, and also the QuASAR program, the Kavli Nanoscience Institute and the Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, an NSF Physics Frontiers Centre with support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defence or the US Government. Distribution A—approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. H.L., T.C. and K.J.V. conceived the devices and all authors helped to design the experiment. H.L. fabricated the devices with assistance from T.C. M.G.S. measured the devices with assistance from the other authors. All authors helped to write the paper. Competing financial interests Two authors declare competing financial interests. H.L. is an employee of hQphotonics. H.L. and K.V. are founders of hQphotonics.

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August 19, 2023
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