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Published September 2013 | Submitted + Published
Journal Article Open

Very Low Mass Stellar and Substellar Companions to Solar-like Stars from MARVELS. IV. A Candidate Brown Dwarf or Low-mass Stellar Companion to HIP 67526

Abstract

We report the discovery of a candidate brown dwarf (BD) or a very low mass stellar companion (MARVELS-5b) to the star HIP 67526 from the Multi-object Apache point observatory Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The radial velocity curve for this object contains 31 epochs spread over 2.5 yr. Our Keplerian fit, using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach, reveals that the companion has an orbital period of 90.2695^(+0.0188)_(-0.0187) days, an eccentricity of 0.4375 ± 0.0040, and a semi-amplitude of 2948.14^(+16.65)_(-16.55)m s^(–1). Using additional high-resolution spectroscopy, we find the host star has an effective temperature T_(eff) = 6004 ± 34 K, a surface gravity log g (cgs) =4.55 ± 0.17, and a metallicity [Fe/H] =+0.04 ± 0.06. The stellar mass and radius determined through the empirical relationship of Torres et al. yields 1.10 ± 0.09 M_☉ and 0.92 ± 0.19 R_☉. The minimum mass of MARVELS-5b is 65.0 ± 2.9M_(Jup), indicating that it is likely to be either a BD or a very low mass star, thus occupying a relatively sparsely populated region of the mass function of companions to solar-type stars. The distance to this system is 101 ± 10 pc from the astrometric measurements of Hipparcos. No stellar tertiary is detected in the high-contrast images taken by either FastCam lucky imaging or Keck adaptive optics imaging, ruling out any star with mass greater than 0.2 M_☉ at a separation larger than 40 AU.

Additional Information

© 2013 American Astronomical Society. Received 2013 January 17; accepted 2013 July 11; published 2013 August 12. Funding for the MARVELS multi-object Doppler instrument was provided by the W.M.Keck Foundation and NSF with grant AST-0705139. The MARVELS survey was partially funded by the SDSS-III consortium, NSF grant AST-0705139, NASA with grant NNX07AP14G and the University of Florida. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy. The SDSS-III Web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, University of Cambridge, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, the Michigan State/NotreDame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, New Mexico State University, New York University, the Ohio State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, University of Tokyo, the University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. This work has made use of observations taken with the Telescopio Nationale Galileo (TNG) operated on the island of La Palma by the Foundation Galileo Galilei, funded by the Instituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC). We have used data from the WASP public archive in this research. The WASP consortium comprises of the University of Cambridge, Keele University, University of Leicester, The Open University, The Queen's University Belfast, St. Andrews University, and the Isaac Newton Group. Funding for WASP comes from the consortium universities and from the UK's Science and Technology Facilities Council. The publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. P.J. acknowledges supports from the Natural Science Foundation of China with grants NSFC 11233002, NSFC 11203022 and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. This research is partially supported by funding from the Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds. The Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds is supported by the Pennsylvania State University, the Eberly College of Science, and the Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium. Keivan Stassun, Leslie Hebb, and Joshua Pepper acknowledge funding support from the Vanderbilt Initiative in Data-Intensive Astrophysics (VIDA) from Vanderbilt University, and from NSF Career award AST-0349075. E.A. thanks NSF for CAREER grant 0645416. G.F.P.M. acknowledges financial support from CNPq grant No. 476909/2006-6 and FAPERJ grant No. APQ1/26/ 170.687/2004. L.G. acknowledges financial support provided by the PAPDRJ CAPES/FAPERJ Fellowship. J.P.W. acknowledges support from NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship AST 08-02230. L.D.F. acknowledges financial support from CAPES. Work by B.S.G. was supported by NSF CAREER Grant AST-1056524.

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August 22, 2023
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