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Published June 6, 2008 | Supplemental Material
Journal Article Open

Rise of the Andes

Abstract

The surface uplift of mountain belts is generally assumed to reflect progressive shortening and crustal thickening, leading to their gradual rise. Recent studies of the Andes indicate that their elevation remained relatively stable for long periods (tens of millions of years), separated by rapid (1 to 4 million years) changes of 1.5 kilometers or more. Periodic punctuated surface uplift of mountain belts probably reflects the rapid removal of unstable, dense lower lithosphere after long-term thickening of the crust and lithospheric mantle.

Additional Information

© 2008 American Association for the Advancement of Science. Received for publication 27 September 2007; Accepted for publication 18 March 2008. We thank D. Foster for 40Ar/39Ar analyses and R. Allmedinger and P. Molnar for suggestions that improved the paper. This work was supported by NSF EAR grants 0230232 and 0635678 (to C.N.G.) and 0350396 (to J.C.L.).

Errata

Reviews: "Rise of the Andes" by C. N. Garzione et al. (6 June, p. 1304). A minus sign was missing from an equation in the third column on p. 1305. The correct equation should read "h = –472.518Orainfall – 2645."

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