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Published June 24, 2013 | Submitted + Published
Journal Article Open

Topological Floquet Spectrum in Three Dimensions via a Two-Photon Resonance

Abstract

Three dimensional (3D) topological insulators display an array of unique properties such as single Dirac-cone surface states and a strong magnetoelectric effect. Here we show how a 3D topological spectrum can be induced in a trivial insulator by a periodic drive and, in particular, using electromagnetic radiation. In contrast to the two-dimensional analog, we show that a two-photon resonance is required to transform an initially unremarkable band structure into a topological Floquet spectrum. We provide an intuitive, geometrical picture, alongside a numerical solution of a driven lattice model featuring a single surface Dirac mode. Also, we show that the polarization and frequency of the driving electromagnetic field control the details of the surface modes and particularly the Dirac mass. Specific experimental realizations of the 3D Floquet topological insulator are proposed.

Additional Information

© 2013 American Physical Society. Received 21 February 2012; published 24 June 2013. We thank Joseph Avron, Erez Berg, Daniel Podolsky, John Preskill, and Mark Rudner for helpful discussions. V.G. was supported by NSF CAREER Award No. DMR-0847224. N.L. was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and NSF through Caltech's Institute of Quantum Information and Matter, and by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-0803371. D.L.B. was supported by the Sherman Fairchild foundation. G.R. and V.G. acknowledge support from DARPA. We are also grateful for the hospitality of the Aspen Physics Center where part of this work was done. We also acknowledge hospitality of the KITP and the National Science Foundation for Grant No. NSF PHY05-51164.

Attached Files

Published - PhysRevB.87.235131.pdf

Submitted - 1111.4518v2.pdf

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