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Published May 1990 | Published
Journal Article Open

Process parameter-growth environment-film property relationships for the sputter deposited yttrium-oxygen system

Abstract

In this study, a Y target was sputtered in radio frequency (rf)‐excited, rare gas discharges (Ne, Ar) containing 0%–40% O_2, operated at cathode voltage from −1.0 to −1.7 kV. In situ optical emission spectrometry was used to monitor two neutral excited Y atom transitions (λ=0.6191, 0.6793 μm) and an excited O atom transition (λ=0.7774 μm) as a function of changing process parameter. Films were grown on fused SiO_2 substrates, and their crystallography, optical behavior, and electrical resistivity was determined. A "phase diagram" for Y–O not grown under conditions of equilibrium thermodynamics was constructed, and included hexagonal Y, cubic Y_2O_3, and Y and Y_2O_3 that had no long range crystallographic order. Two direct optical transitions across the energy band gap of cubic Y_2O_3, at 5.07 and 5.73 eV, were identified. Combining discharge diagnostics, growth rate, and film property results, it was concluded that Y_2O_3 was formed at the substrate concurrent with the complete oxidation of the target surface. Even after target oxidation, the discharge contained atomic Y. On the basis of fundamental optical absorption edge characteristics, cubic Y_2O_3 that more closely resembled the bulk material was obtained when the Y‐oxide molecule/Y atom flux to the substrate was high.

Additional Information

© 1990 American Vacuum Society. Received 31 October 1989; accepted 6 November 1989. This work was supported under US ARO Grant No. DAAL03-89-K-0022 and through a gift by Johnson Controls, Inc. to the Wisconsin Distinguished Professorship of CRA.

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