Welcome to the new version of CaltechAUTHORS. Login is currently restricted to library staff. If you notice any issues, please email coda@library.caltech.edu
Published February 2011 | Published
Journal Article Open

Testing the Hypothesis that the MJO is a Mixed Rossby-Gravity Wave Packet

Abstract

The Madden Julian oscillation (MJO), also known as the intraseasonal oscillation (ISO), is a planetary-scale mode of variation in the tropical Indian and western Pacific Oceans. Basic questions about the MJO are why it propagates eastward at ~5 m s^(-1), why it lasts for intraseasonal time scales, and how it interacts with the fine structure that is embedded in it. This study will test the hypothesis that the MJO is not a wave but a wave packet-the interference pattern produced by a narrow frequency band of mixed Rossby gravity (MRG) waves. As such, the MJO would propagate with the MRG group velocity, which is eastward at ~5 m s^(-1) Simulation with a 3D model shows that MRG waves can be forced independently by relatively short-lived, eastward- and westward-moving disturbances, and the MRG wave packet can last long enough to form the intraseasonal variability. This hypothesis is consistent with the view that the MJO is episodic, with an irregular time interval between events rather than a periodic oscillation. The packet is defined as the horizontally smoothed variance of the MRG wave-the rectified MRG wave, which has features in common with the MJO. The two-dimensional Fourier analysis of the NOAA outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) dataset herein indicates that there is a statistically significant correlation between the MJO amplitude and wave packets of MRG waves but not equatorial Rossby waves or Kelvin waves, which are derived from the Matsuno shallow water theory. However, the biggest absolute value of the correlation coefficient is only 0.21, indicating that the wave packet hypothesis explains only a small fraction of the variance of the MJO in the OLR data.

Additional Information

© 2011 American Meteorological Society. Manuscript received 25 May 2010, in final form 24 September 2010. We thank Dr. Duane Waliser for useful comments and suggestions. This research was supported by the Geological and Planetary Sciences Davidow Fund of the California Institute of Technology.

Attached Files

Published - Yang2011p13228J_Atmos_Sci.pdf

Files

Yang2011p13228J_Atmos_Sci.pdf
Files (2.2 MB)
Name Size Download all
md5:c8953b983f73e1c554d119249e7b0e33
2.2 MB Preview Download

Additional details

Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 23, 2023