Herschel observations of ortho- and para-oxidaniumyl (H_2O^+) in spiral arm clouds toward Sagittarius B2(M)

Abstract

H_2O^+ has been observed in its ortho- and para- states toward the massive star forming core Sgr B2(M), located close to the Galactic center. The observations show absorption in all spiral arm clouds between the Sun and Sgr B2. The average o/p ratio of H_2O^+ in most velocity intervals is 4.8, which corresponds to a nuclear spin temperature of 21 K. The relationship of this spin temperature to the formation temperature and current physical temperature of the gas hosting H_2O^+ is discussed, but no firm conclusion is reached. In the velocity interval 0–60 km s^(−1), an ortho/para ratio of below unity is found, but if this is due to an artifact of contamination by other species or real is not clear.

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