Alignment between PIN1 Polarity and Microtubule Orientation in the Shoot Apical Meristem Reveals a Tight Coupling between Morphogenesis and Auxin Transport
Abstract
Morphogenesis during multicellular development is regulated by intercellular signaling molecules as well as by the mechanical properties of individual cells. In particular, normal patterns of organogenesis in plants require coordination between growth direction and growth magnitude. How this is achieved remains unclear. Here we show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, auxin patterning and cellular growth are linked through a correlated pattern of auxin efflux carrier localization and cortical microtubule orientation. Our experiments reveal that both PIN1 localization and microtubule array orientation are likely to respond to a shared upstream regulator that appears to be biomechanical in nature. Lastly, through mathematical modeling we show that such a biophysical coupling could mediate the feedback loop between auxin and its transport that underlies plant phyllotaxis.
Additional Information
© 2010 Heisler et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Received May 13, 2010; Accepted September 1, 2010; Published October 19, 2010. Academic Editor: Ottoline Leyser, University of York, United Kingdom. Funding: This work is supported by the International Human Frontier Science Program Organization, by United States Department of Energy grant FG02-88ER13873 (to EMM), and by the Swedish Research Council (to HJ). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We would like to thank Alexandre Cunha for help in identifying important references, as well as IFR128 Platim for help with imaging. Author Contributions: The author(s) have made the following declarations about their contributions: Conceived and designed the experiments: MGH OH PK HJ JT EMM. Performed the experiments: MGH OH PK MU CO. Analyzed the data: MGH OH PK MU HJ JT EMM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MGH OH PK CO. Wrote the paper: MGH OH PK HJ JT EMM.Attached Files
Published - Heisler2010p11823Plos_Biol.pdf
Supplemental Material - journal.pbio.1000516.s001.pdf
Supplemental Material - journal.pbio.1000516.s002.mov
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Additional details
- PMCID
- PMC2957402
- Eprint ID
- 20937
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-095339674
- Human Frontier Science Program
- DE-FG02-88ER13873
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- Swedish Research Council
- Created
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2010-11-24Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2021-11-09Created from EPrint's last_modified field