Homogeneous CO Hydrogenation: Ligand Effects on the Lewis Acid-Assisted Reductive Coupling of Carbon Monoxide
Abstract
Structure-function studies on the role of pendent Lewis acids in the reductive coupling of CO are reported. Cationic rhenium carbonyl complexes containing zero, one, or two phosphinoborane ligands (Ph_2P(CH_2)_nB(C_8H_(14)), n=1-3) react with the nucleophilic hydride [HPt(dmpe)_2]^+ to reduce [M-CO]^+ to M-CHO; this step is relatively insensitive to the Lewis acid, as both pendent (internal) and external boranes of appropriate acid strength can be used. In contrast, whether a second hydride transfer and C-C bond forming steps occur depends strongly on the number of carbon atoms between P and B in the phosphinoborane ligands, as well as the number of pendent acids in the complex: shorter linker chain lengths favor such reductive coupling, whereas longer chains and external boranes are ineffective. A number of different species containing partially reduced CO groups, whose exact structures vary considerably with the nature and number of phosphinoborane ligands, have been crystallographically characterized. The reaction of [(Ph -2P(CH_2)_2B(C_8H_(14)))_2Re(CO)4]^+ with [HPt(dmpe)_2]^+ takes place via a "hydride shuttle" mechanism, in which hydride is transferred from Pt to a pendent borane and thence to CO, rather than by direct hydride attack at CO. Addition of a second hydride in C_6D_5Cl at -40 ºC affords an unusual anionic bis(carbene) complex, which converts to a C-C bonded product on warming. These results support a working model for Lewis acid-assisted reductive coupling of CO, in which B (pendent or external) shuttles hydride from Pt to coordinated CO, followed by formation of an intramolecular B-O bond, which facilitates reductive coupling.
Additional Information
© 2010 American Chemical Society. Received July 1, 2010. Published In Issue October 25, 2010. Article ASAP September 29, 2010. Larry Henling and Mike Day assisted with crystallography. The Bruker KAPPA APEXII X-ray diffractometer was purchased via an NSF CRIF:MU award to the California Institute of Technology (CHE-0639094). David VanderVelde assisted with 2D and PGSE NMR spectroscopy. Dr. Daniel L. DuBois and Dr. Nathan M. West contributed enlightening discussions. This work was funded by BP (MC2 Program) and the Moore Foundation.Attached Files
Supplemental Material - om100638d_si_001.pdf
Files
Name | Size | Download all |
---|---|---|
md5:ca08dbc6d381b6faa9fd0fd6cf8914f7
|
24.9 MB | Preview Download |
Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 20649
- DOI
- 10.1021/om100638d
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20101103-110627454
- BP MC2 program
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
- Created
-
2010-11-03Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
-
2021-11-09Created from EPrint's last_modified field