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Published September 1, 2010 | Published
Journal Article Open

GALEX and Pan-STARRS1 Discovery of SN IIP 2010aq: The First Few Days After Shock Breakout in a Red Supergiant Star

Abstract

We present the early UV and optical light curve of Type IIP supernova (SN) 2010aq at z = 0.0862, and compare it to analytical models for thermal emission following SN shock breakout in a red supergiant star. SN 2010aq was discovered in joint monitoring between the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) Time Domain Survey (TDS) in the NUV and the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey (PS1 MDS) in the g, r, i, and z bands. The GALEX and Pan-STARRS1 observations detect the SN less than 1 day after the shock breakout, measure a diluted blackbody temperature of 31, 000 ± 6000 K 1 day later, and follow the rise in the UV/optical light curve over the next 2 days caused by the expansion and cooling of the SN ejecta. The high signal-to-noise ratio of the simultaneous UV and optical photometry allows us to fit for a progenitor star radius of 700 ± 200R_☉, the size of a red supergiant star. An excess in UV emission two weeks after shock breakout compared with SNe well fitted by model atmosphere-code synthetic spectra with solar metallicity is best explained by suppressed line blanketing due to a lower metallicity progenitor star in SN 2010aq. Continued monitoring of PS1 MDS fields by the GALEX TDS will increase the sample of early UV detections of Type II SNe by an order of magnitude and probe the diversity of SN progenitor star properties.

Additional Information

© 2010 The American Astronomical Society. Received 2010 June 11; accepted 2010 July 23; published 2010 August 12. S.G. thanks I. Rabinak and E. Nakar for kindly providing their models in the GALEX and PS1 filters, L. Dessart for helpful discussions, and the anonymous referee for useful comments. S.G. was supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-01219.01-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. The PS1 Surveys have been made possible through the combinations of the Institute for Astronomy at the University of Hawaii, The Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, the University of Durham, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen's University of Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center forAstrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Network, and the National Central University of Taiwan. We gratefully acknowledge NASA's support for construction, operation, and science analysis for the GALEX mission, developed in cooperation with CNES of France and the Korean MOST.

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August 22, 2023
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