Long Distance Quantum Communication with Atomic Ensembles

Abstract

The ability to distribute quantum resources over long distances is a key element for the development of several practical applications in the field of quantum information. In this way, major efforts have been made in the past decade to extend the maximum distances for the observation of entanglement or for the realization of quantum cryptography. Using optical fibers as the quantum channel, entanglement has already been achieved between photons separated by 50 km of fiber, and quantum cryptography is now a commercial technology that allows quantum key distributon over distances up to around 100 km. Progress has also been made towards entanglement distribution in free space, with the achieved distances of about 10 km on ground atmosphere being a substantial step toward the development of satellite-based quantum communication.

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