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Published December 1984 | Published
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Qing history in America: past accomplishments and present trends

Lee, James

Abstract

Fifty years ago, Chinese history hardly existed as a field of study in the United States. In 1935, there were no more than a dozen active American sinologists of whom only one or two were historians.1 Today there are over sixteen hundred members of the Association of Asian Studies who study China, of whom at least seven hundred are historians and one hundred are social scientists who work extensively with historical material. 2 Chinese studies has made vast strides largely under the banner of area studies. History, especially Qing history, has predominated. Qing historians have their own journal and their own professional association with a membership of well over three hundred individuals.3 They account for almost half of all Chinese historians and receive the bulk of all historical funding.

Additional Information

TABLE ONE THE POPULATION HISTORY OF CHINA BEFORE 1911: THE STATE OF THE FIELD Dates of Publication of Books and Articles from 1935-1984 Chinese 1935-1939 11 1940-1944 3 1945-1949 4 1950-1954 1 1955-1959 16 1960-1964 5 1965-1969 1 1970-1974 2 1975-1979 9 1980-1984 ill Totals 169 Sources: See Appendix. Western Languages 1 2 3 5 2 4 9 12. 45 Total 11 3 5 3 19 10 3 6 18 136 214 11 APPENDIX THE POPULATION HISTORY OF CHINA BEFORE 1911: THE STATE OF THE FIELD Bibliography of Published Books and Articles from 1935-1984 Aoyama, Sadao. "Zui To So san-dai ni okeru kosu no chi-ikiteki kosatsu" (A Geographical Study of the Household Figures in the Sui, Tang and Sung Dynasties), Rekishi gaku (Historical Studies), 6/4 (I 936): 59-94. Barclay, George W. Colonial Development and Population in Taiwan. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1954. Barrett, Richard. "Short-Term Trends in Bastardy in Taiwan." Journal of Family History 5, no. 3 (Fall 1980):293-312. Barrett, Richard. Demographic Processes in China Since the Nineteenth Century. New York: Academic Press, 1985. Bei, Ti, and Wang, Chong. "Zhongguo gudai renkou s1x1ang ji qi guilu" (Ancient Chinese Population Theory and Theoretical Laws). Sichuan daxue xuebao no. 4 (1981):40-46. Bielenstein, Hans. "The Census of China during the Period 2-742 A.D." Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, 19 (1947):125- 163. Bielenstein, Hans. "The Chinese Colonization of Fukien until the End of the T'ang." Studia Serica Bernhard Karlgren Dedicata (Copenhagen, 1959):98-122. Cai, Shangzhong. "Qingdai Jiaqing renkou fanshu fahui" (The Release of Fertility During the Jiaqing Period). Renkou ~ jingji no. 3 (1981): ? Cart ier, Michel. "La croissance demographique Chinoise de XVIIIe sieele et l'enregistrement des pao-chia." Annales de demographie historique (1979):9-23. Cartier, Michel. "La femme seule en Chine." Annales de demographie historique (1981):229-233. Cartier, Michel, and Mathieu, R. "Les Conceptions demographiques de L'antiquite Chinoise." Annales de demographie historique (1974) :375-389. 12 Cartier, Michel, and Will, Pierre-Etienne. "Demographie et institutions en Chine: contributions a l'analyse des recensements de l'epoque imperiale," Annales de demographie historigue (1971): 161-245. Chang, P'eng-yuan. "Jindai Hunan de renkou yu dushi fazhan" (Population and City Growth in Hunan Province Down to 1930). Lishi xuebao (Bulletin of Historical Research) 5 (April 1977):447-488. Chao, Zhongzhen. "Qing qianqi renkou jizeng dui ziben zhuyi mengya di zu'ai" (The Sharp Rise in Population During the Qing and the Consequent Obstacle to the Development of Capitalism), Shandong shifan daxue xuebao no. 3 (1982): ? Chen, Ding. "Mozi de renkou zengzhi lun" (Mozi's Essay on Population Increase). Shidai jingshen 7.1 (1942) ? Chen, Guihua. "Baqi jianli qian manzhou niulu he renkou chutan" (A Preliminary Investigation of the Manchu Population and Niru Before the Establishment of the Eight Banner System). Zhongyang minzu xueyuan xuebao no. 1 (1981): ? Chen, Gong1u. "Sanguo de Shu hukou guji" (An Estimate of the Population of Shu During the Three Kingdoms). ~ 2.2 (1941): ? Chen, Lesu. "Zhuke hu duicheng yu Beisong hubu de hukou tongji" (Native and Immigrant Labels and the Population Statistics from the Bureau of Revenue of the Northern Song). Jianghan xuebao 1.2 (1949) ? Chen, Pengnian. Zhongguo lidai renkou biangian zhi yanjiu (Research on Chinese Population History). (Shangwu: 1946). Chen, Suj iang. "Sanguo shidai de renkou yidong" (Population Movement During the Three Kingdoms). Shihuo 1.3 (1935): ? Chen, Xiwei. "Lianghan de renkou zhengce" (Han Population Policy). Zhongyang ribao (October 15th and October 22nd, 1947): ? Cheng, Xianmin. "Lun Qingdai renkou zengzhang lu ji guosheng wenti" (Qing Population Growth Rates and Overpopulation). Zhongguo shi yanjiu (Research in Chinese History) 3 (1982):48-60. Cheng, Xianmin. Vagrancy). "Qingdai youmin wenti qianxi" (Problems of Qing Sichuan daxue xuebao no. 4 (1983): 78-87. Durand, John. "The Population Statistics of China, A. D. 2-1953." Population Studies vol. 13, 3 {March 1960):249- 13 De Crespigny, Rafe. "Prefectures and Population in South China in the First Three Centuries A.D." Bulletin of The Institute of History and Philology Academia Sinica 40 (1968):139-154. Entermann, Robert. "Sichuan and Qing Migration Policy." Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i 4:4 (1980): ? Fan, Shuzhi. "Mingdai Jingxiang Humin yu pengmin" (Migrants and Shack Peoples in the Central Yangzi During the Ming Dynasty). Zhongguo shi yanjiu no. 3 (1980): ? Fan, Zhe, and Tang, Shira. "Baodi xian bianshen ce chubu yanjiu" (A Preliminary Analysis of the Baodi Registers). .lll!!& shi yanjiu .ii no. 3 (1984): ? Fan, Zhuanxian. "Songdai shuchu renkou wenti" (Problems of Song Population Emigration). Zhongguo lishi wenxian yanjiu iikan no. 1 (1980): 194-199. Fang, Guoyu. "Tang Song shiqi Erhaiqu de Hanzu yimin" (Han Immigration into Western Yunnan during the Tang and Song). Yunnan daxue ~ kexue (Humanistic Sciences of Yunnan University), no. 1 (1957): 1-11. Fang, Guoyu. ''Han Jin shiqi Diandongqu de Hanzu yimin" (Han Immigration into Eastern Yunnan during the Han and Jin). Wenshi zazhi (History and Arts Magazine), no. 3 (1957):13-35. Fei, John C. H., and Liu, Ts'ui-jung and et a1. "Population Dynamics of Agrarianism in Traditional China." In Modern Chinese Economic History. Edited by Hou Chi-ming and Yu Tzong-shian. Taibei: The Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, 1979. Fei, John C. H., and Liu, Ts'ui-jung. "The Growth and Decline of Chinese Family Clans." The Journal of Interdisciplinary History vol. XII, no. 3 (Winter 1982):375-408. Feng, Zhisi. "Tang Song yilai Oerduosi diqu renkou bianhua" (Population Changes in the Ordos Since the Tang and Song). Neimenggu ribao (July 5, 1982): ? Fu, Kedong. "Baqi huji zhidu chutan" (A Preliminary Study of the Eight Banner Household Registration System) Minzu yanjiu (Ethnic Studies) no. 6 (1983):34-43. 14 Fu, Zhufu. "Renkou yinsu dui zhongguo shehui j ingj i j iegou de xingcheng he fazhan suo shengchan de zhongda wenti" (The Population Problem and the Formation and Development of the Social and Economic Structure of China). Zhong guo shehiu jingji shi yanjiu (Research on the Social and Economic History of China) 3 (1982): 1-13. Gao, Qingfeng. Zhong guo lidai renkou tongji (Statistics on China's Historic Population). Chinese Peoples University, 1978. Gao, Shulin. ''Yuandai Hebei renkou chutan" (A Preliminary Analysis of the Population of Hebei During the Yuan). Hebei daxue xuebao no. 1 (1984): ? Gao, Yawei. "Sanguo shi renkou yu dushi de nanyi" (The Southward Movement of Population and Cities During the Three Kingdoms). Z hongf a daxue yuekan 2.3 (1936): ? Ge, Jianxiong. "Xihan renkou kao" (An Analysis of Western Han Population). Zhong guo shi yanjiu no. 4 (1981):135-153. Ge, Jianxiong. "Qin Han de shangji he shangji li" (Government Accounts and the 'Official-Who-Hands-Up-Accounts' During the Qin and Han Dynasties) Zhonghua wenshi luncong 2 (1982):181-200. Ge. Jianxiong. "Lue1un woguo fengjian shehui ge jieji renkou zengzhang de bu pingheng xing" (The Uneven Development of Chinese Population by Feudal Class). Lishi yanjiu no. 6 (1982):10-19. Ge, Jianxiong. "Han Wudi shi hukou jianban kaoshi" (An Assessement of the 'Decline' in Population During the Reign of Han Wudi) Xueshu yuekan (Academic Monthly) 9 (1983):70-74., Ge, Jianxiong. "Xihan renkou dili" (The Population Geography of the Western Han Empire) Baike zhishi 4 (1984):20-25. Ge. Jianxiong. "Xihan shiqi xibei diqu de renkou qianyi" (The Settlement of Northwest China during the Western Han) Zhonghua wenshi luncong 1 (1984):243-264. Ge. Jianxiong. "Han Wudi ximin kuaiji shuo zhengwu" {An Assessment of the Settlement of Kuaiji [the lower Yangzi River Valley} by Han wudi) Zhong guo lishi di1i (Historical Geography of China) 3 (1984): 152-159. Ge. Jianxiong. "Xihan hukou zuisheng nianfen zhi yi" (Doubts About the Chronology of the Rise in Population During the Western Han). Fudan daxue xuebao { ? ):146-148. 15 Gu, Feng. "Liang Fangzhong tan zhongguo fengjian shehui renkou guilu wenti" (Liang Fangzhong Talks on the Structural Problems of China's Feudal Population). Guangming ribao (May 13, 1962): 1 Gu, Jiangrui. "Jiangsu sheng jin sanbai nian renkou bianhua de fenxi" (An Analysis of the Changes in the Population of Jiangsu Province Over the Last Three Hundred Years). Nanjing shifan xueyuan no. 4 (1981): 1 Guan, Donggui. 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Zhongguo shehui jingii shi yaniiu no. 2 (1983):57-67. Han, Lianqi. "Handai de huj i yu shangj i zhidu" (Han Household Records and the Reporting System). Wenshizhe no. 3 (1978):1 Hanley, Susan B., and Wolf, Arthur P. Family and Population in East Asian History. Stanford University Press, 1985. Harrell, Steven. "The Rich Get Children: Segmentation, Stratification, and Population in Three Chekiang Lineages, 1550- 1850." In Susan B. Hanley and Arthur P. Wolf, ed., Family and Population in East Asian History, Stanford University Press, 1985. Hartwell, Robert M. "Demographic, Political and Social Transformations of China, 750-1550." Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 42, no. 2 {December 1982):365-482. 16 He, Yeheng. "Erqian nianJ un de Hunan renkou" (The Population of Hunan Province Over Two Thousand Years). Xiangtan daxue xuebao no. 1 (1984): ? He, Zhongli. "Songdai hubu renkou tongji wenti de zai tantao" (Further Discussion of the Problem of Song Bureau of Revenue Population Statistics). 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