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Published February 2010 | Published
Journal Article Open

Modular actions and amenable representations

Abstract

Consider a measure-preserving action Γ ↷ (X, μ) of a countable group Γ and a measurable cocycle α: X × Γ → Aut(Y) with countable image, where (X, μ) is a standard Lebesgue space and (Y, ν) is any probability space. We prove that if the Koopman representation associated to the action Γ ↷ X is non-amenable, then there does not exist a countable-to-one Borel homomorphism from the orbit equivalence relation of the skew product action Γ ↷^α X × Y to the orbit equivalence relation of any modular action (i.e., an inverse limit of actions on countable sets or, equivalently, an action on the boundary of a countably-splitting tree), generalizing previous results of Hjorth and Kechris. As an application, for certain groups, we connect antimodularity to mixing conditions. We also show that any countable, non-amenable, residually finite group induces at least three mutually orbit inequivalent free, measure-preserving, ergodic actions as well as two non-Borel bireducible ones.

Additional Information

© 2009 American Mathematical Society. Received by editor(s): March 22, 2007; received by editor(s) in revised form: April 12, 2007; posted: September 14, 2009. The first author's research was partially supported by NSF grant 443948-HJ-21632. The second author's research was partially supported by NSF grant and DMS-0455285. The authors would like to thank their respective advisors G. Hjorth and A. S. Kechris for encouragement, support, and valuable discussions on the topic of this paper. The authors are also grateful to the anonymous referee for suggesting a simplified proof of Lemma 5.1.

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