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Published May 15, 2009 | Published
Journal Article Open

Causality as an emergent macroscopic phenomenon: The Lee-Wick O(N) model

Abstract

In quantum mechanics the deterministic property of classical physics is an emergent phenomenon appropriate only on macroscopic scales. Lee and Wick introduced Lorentz invariant quantum theories where causality is an emergent phenomenon appropriate for macroscopic time scales. In this paper we analyze a Lee-Wick version of the O(N) model. We argue that in the large-N limit this theory has a unitary and Lorentz invariant S matrix and is therefore free of paradoxes in scattering experiments. We discuss some of its acausal properties.

Additional Information

© 2009 The American Physical Society. Received 18 October 2008; published 21 May 2009. We thank David Politzer for important contributions to this work. The work of B. G., D. O. and M. B.W was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-FG03-97ER40546, No. DE-FG02- 90ER40542, and No. DE-FG03-92ER40701, respectively. PACS: 11.10.-z; 03.70.+k.

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